Invitrogen

CD357 (AITR/GITR) Monoclonal Antibody (DTA-1), Functional Grade, eBioscience™

CD357 (AITR/GITR) Antibody in Flow Cytometry (Flow)

FIGURE: 1 / 1

CD357 (AITR/GITR) Antibody (16-5874-38) in Flow

Staining of C57Bl/6 splenocytes with 0.015 µg of Rat IgG2b kappa Isotype Control Purified (Product # 14-4031-82) (open histogram) or 0.015 µg of Anti-Mouse CD357 (GITR) Purified (filled histogram) followed by Anti-Rat IgG Biotin (Product # 13-4813-85) and Streptavidin PE (Product # 12-4317-87). Cells in the lymphocyte gate were used for analysis.

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Product Details

16-5874-38

Applications

Tested Dilution

Publications

Immunohistochemistry (Frozen) (IHC (F))

10 µg/mL

Flow Cytometry (Flow)

0.03 µg/test

View 23 publications 23 publications

Functional Assay (Functional)

Assay-Dependent

View 3 publications 3 publications

Product Specifications

Species Reactivity

Mouse

Published species

Human, Mouse

Host/Isotype

Rat / IgG2b, kappa

Recommended Isotype Control

Rat IgG2b kappa Isotype Control (eB149/10H5), Functional Grade, eBioscience™

Class

Monoclonal

Type

Antibody

Clone

DTA-1

Conjugate

Functional Grade Functional Grade Functional Grade

Form

Liquid

Concentration

1 mg/mL

Purification

Affinity chromatography

Storage buffer

PBS, pH 7.2

Contains

no preservative

Storage conditions

4°C

Shipping conditions

Ambient (domestic); Wet ice (international)

AB_2866063

Product Specific Information

Description: The DTA-1 monoclonal antibody reacts with mouse GITR, Glucocorticoid-Induced TNFR family gene, also known as TNFRSF18. In naive mice, GITR is expressed predominantly by CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells (Treg) and by CD25+ CD4+ CD8- thymocytes. Stimulation of GITR with DTA-1 antibody abrogates Treg cell-mediated suppression. Although it does not deplete CD357 expressing cells in vivo, it has been shown to induce tumorogenesis. The removal of GITR-expressing Treg cells or the administration of DTA-1 resulted in organ specific autoimmune disease.

Applications Reported: This DTA-1 antibody has been reported for use in flow cytometric analysis and immunohistochemistry of frozen mouse tissue. It has also been reported for use in functional assays.

Applications Tested: This DTA-1 antibody has been tested by flow cytometric analysis of mouse splenocytes. This can be used at less than or equal to 0.03 µg per test. A test is defined as the amount (µg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 µL. Cell number should be determined empirically but can range from 10^5 to 10^8 cells/test. This DTA-1 antibody has been tested by immunohistochemistry of frozen tissue and can be used at less than or equal to 10 µg/mL. It is recommended that the antibody be carefully titrated for optimal performance in the assay of interest.

Storage and handling: Use in a sterile environment.

Filtration: 0.2 µm post-manufacturing filtered.

Purity: Greater than 90%, as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Endotoxin Level: Less than 0.001 ng/µg antibody, as determined by LAL assay.

Aggregation: Less than 10%, as determined by HPLC.

Target Information

Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 18 (TNFRSF18), also called GITR or AITR is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNFRSF18 gene. It is mapped to 1p36.33. This gene encodes a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily. The encoded receptor has been shown to have increased expression upon T-cell activation, and it is thought to play a key role in dominant immunological self-tolerance maintained by CD25 (+)CD4 (+) regulatory T cells. Knockout studies in mice also suggest the role of this receptor is in the regulation of CD3-driven T-cell activation and programmed cell death. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.

Product References

Antigen-presenting ILC3 regulate T cell-dependent IgA responses to colonic mucosal bacteria.

The Journal of experimental medicine

Melo-Gonzalez F,Kammoun H,Evren E,Dutton EE,Papadopoulou M,Bradford BM,Tanes C,Fardus-Reid F,Swann JR,Bittinger K,Mabbott NA,Vallance BA,Willinger T,Withers DR,Hepworth MR

16-5874-81 was used in Flow Cytometry to study the mechanisms that modulate the magnitude and quality of T cell-dependent IgA responses.

Mon Apr 01 00:00:00 UTC 2019

The Imbalance of FOXP3/GATA3 in Regulatory T Cells from the Peripheral Blood of Asthmatic Patients.

Journal of immunology research

Chen T,Hou X,Ni Y,Du W,Han H,Yu Y,Shi G

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to study the impaired immunosupression function in asthmatic patients in regard to T cell phenotype.

Wed Nov 14 00:00:00 UTC 2018

The transcription factor musculin promotes the unidirectional development of peripheral T_reg cells by suppressing the T_H2 transcriptional program.

Nature immunology

Wu C,Chen Z,Dardalhon V,Xiao S,Thalhamer T,Liao M,Madi A,Franca RF,Han T,Oukka M,Kuchroo V

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to identify the TF Musculin (MSC) as critical for iTreg development by repression of TH2 transcriptional program, using Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) induced regulatory T cell (iTreg) system.

Wed Mar 01 00:00:00 UTC 2017

Membrane-organizing protein moesin controls Treg differentiation and antitumor immunity via TGF-β signaling.

The Journal of clinical investigation

Ansa-Addo EA,Zhang Y,Yang Y,Hussey GS,Howley BV,Salem M,Riesenberg B,Sun S,Rockey DC,Karvar S,Howe PH,Liu B,Li Z

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to investigate whether moesin plays a role during the generation of TGF-β-induced Tregs, showing that it controls Treg differentiation and antitumor immunity.

Mon Apr 03 00:00:00 UTC 2017

Intratumoral delivery of tumor antigen-loaded DC and tumor-primed CD4⁺ T cells combined with agonist α-GITR mAb promotes durable CD8⁺ T-cell-dependent antitumor immunity.

Oncoimmunology

Liu Z,Hao X,Zhang Y,Zhang J,Carey CD,Falo LD,Storkus WJ,You Z

16-5874 was used in a functional assay to develop novel therapeutic strategies that can transform the tumour microenvironment into a pro-inflammatory niche that recruits and sustains protective immune cell populations.

Tue Jan 12 00:00:00 UTC 2021

Regulatory T Cells Control Th2-Dominant Murine Autoimmune Gastritis.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Harakal J,Rival C,Qiao H,Tung KS

16-5874-81 was used in Flow Cytometry to suggest that Tregs maintain physiological tolerance to clinically relevant gastric autoantigens, and Th2 responses can be a pathogenic mechanism in AIG.

Fri Jul 01 00:00:00 UTC 2016

Tumor Progression Locus 2 (Tpl2) Activates the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Pathway, Inhibits Forkhead Box P3 (FoxP3) Expression, and Limits Regulatory T Cell (Treg) Immunosuppressive Functions.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Li X,Acuff NV,Peeks AR,Kirkland R,Wyatt KD,Nagy T,Watford WT

16-5874-81 was used in Flow Cytometry to demonstrate that the serine/threonine kinase tumour progression locus 2 constrains the development of inducible regulatory T cells.

Fri Aug 05 00:00:00 UTC 2016

Pak2 Links TCR Signaling Strength to the Development of Regulatory T Cells and Maintains Peripheral Tolerance.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

O'Hagan KL,Choi J,Pryshchep O,Chernoff J,Phee H

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to show a novel role for the actin cytoskeletal remodeling protein, p21-activated kinase 2, in Treg development and homeostasis.

Sat Aug 15 00:00:00 UTC 2015

Regulatory T cells require TCR signaling for their suppressive function.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Schmidt AM,Lu W,Sindhava VJ,Huang Y,Burkhardt JK,Yang E,Riese MJ,Maltzman JS,Jordan MS,Kambayashi T

16-5874 was used in in vivo experiments to reveal that T cell receptor-mediated PLCγ activation is required for Tregs to inhibit Tconv proliferation.

Fri May 01 00:00:00 UTC 2015

Cellular size as a means of tracking mTOR activity and cell fate of CD4+ T cells upon antigen recognition.

PloS one

Pollizzi KN,Waickman AT,Patel CH,Sun IH,Powell JD

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to characterise the metabolism and immunologic functions of distinct clonal populations of activated T cells.

Fri Mar 25 00:00:00 UTC 2016

Costimulation via the tumor-necrosis factor receptor superfamily couples TCR signal strength to the thymic differentiation of regulatory T cells.

Nature immunology

Mahmud SA,Manlove LS,Schmitz HM,Xing Y,Wang Y,Owen DL,Schenkel JM,Boomer JS,Green JM,Yagita H,Chi H,Hogquist KA,Farrar MA

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to study the role of TNF receptors in the thymic development of Treg cells..

Thu May 01 00:00:00 UTC 2014

The acute phase of Trypanosoma cruzi infection is attenuated in 5-lipoxygenase-deficient mice.

Mediators of inflammation

Canavaci AM,Sorgi CA,Martins VP,Morais FR,de Sousa ÉV,Trindade BC,Cunha FQ,Rossi MA,Aronoff DM,Faccioli LH,Nomizo A

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to provide evidence that 5-lipoxygenase-derived mediators negatively affect host survival during the acute phase of T. cruzi infection.

Fri May 15 00:00:00 UTC 2015

In vitro induced regulatory T cells are unique from endogenous regulatory T cells and effective at suppressing late stages of ongoing autoimmunity.

PloS one

Nguyen TL,Makhlouf NT,Anthony BA,Teague RM,DiPaolo RJ

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to evaluate the ability of TGF-β-induced Tregs specific for the major self-antigen in autoimmune gastritis to suppress the established disease.

Mon May 11 00:00:00 UTC 2015

Diacylglycerol kinase ζ limits the generation of natural regulatory T cells.

Science signaling

Schmidt AM,Zou T,Joshi RP,Leichner TM,Pimentel MA,Sommers CL,Kambayashi T

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to identify critical signal events in nT(reg) cell development, showing that diacylglycerol kinase ζ limits the generation of nT(reg) cells.

Tue Nov 26 00:00:00 UTC 2013

Comparison of induced versus natural regulatory T cells of the same TCR specificity for induction of tolerance to an environmental antigen.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Huang H,Ma Y,Dawicki W,Zhang X,Gordon JR

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to compare abilities of nTreg and iTreg cells to mediate tolerance in OVA-asthmatic C57BL/6 mice.

Thu Aug 01 00:00:00 UTC 2013

Alterations of peripheral CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T regulatory cells in mice with STZ-induced diabetes.

Cellular & molecular immunology

Zhen Y,Sun L,Liu H,Duan K,Zeng C,Zhang L,Jin D,Peng J,Ding W,Zhao Y

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to investigate the effect of hyperglycemia on CD4+CD25+Tregs, showing alterations of peripheral CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs in STZ-induced diabetes.

Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 UTC 2012

Dll4-Notch signaling in Flt3-independent dendritic cell development and autoimmunity in mice.

The Journal of experimental medicine

Billiard F,Lobry C,Darrasse-Jèze G,Waite J,Liu X,Mouquet H,DaNave A,Tait M,Idoyaga J,Leboeuf M,Kyratsous CA,Burton J,Kalter J,Klinakis A,Zhang W,Thurston G,Merad M,Steinman RM,Murphy AJ,Yancopoulos GD,Aifantis I,Skokos D

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to investigate how Dll4-Notch signaling affects pro-T cell fate and thymic DC development, showing that it is a novel Flt3-independent pathway for DC development and autoimmunity.

Mon May 07 00:00:00 UTC 2012

Glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor-triggered T cells are key modulators for survival/death of neural stem/progenitor cells induced by ischemic stroke.

Cell death and differentiation

Takata M,Nakagomi T,Kashiwamura S,Nakano-Doi A,Saino O,Nakagomi N,Okamura H,Mimura O,Taguchi A,Matsuyama T

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the modulation of neurogenesis by CD4(+)T cells after stroke.

Tue May 01 00:00:00 UTC 2012

Controlled release formulations of IL-2, TGF-β1 and rapamycin for the induction of regulatory T cells.

Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society

Jhunjhunwala S,Balmert SC,Raimondi G,Dons E,Nichols EE,Thomson AW,Little SR

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to investigate alternative strategies to achieve an in situ increase in regulatory T cell abundance.

Tue Apr 10 00:00:00 UTC 2012

HTLV-1 bZIP factor induces T-cell lymphoma and systemic inflammation in vivo.

PLoS pathogens

Satou Y,Yasunaga J,Zhao T,Yoshida M,Miyazato P,Takai K,Shimizu K,Ohshima K,Green PL,Ohkura N,Yamaguchi T,Ono M,Sakaguchi S,Matsuoka M

16-5874 was used in Western Blotting to investigate the effect of expression of HTLV-1 bZIP factor in CD4+ T cells.

Thu Feb 10 00:00:00 UTC 2011

Reduced Treg frequency in LFA-1-deficient mice allows enhanced T effector differentiation and pathology in EAE.

European journal of immunology

Gültner S,Kuhlmann T,Hesse A,Weber JP,Riemer C,Baier M,Hutloff A

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to suggest a substantial role of LFA-1 in Treg generation and subsequent expansion of effector T cells and highlight the importance of Treg in limiting EAE.

Wed Dec 01 00:00:00 UTC 2010

Expression of costimulatory TNFR2 induces resistance of CD4+FoxP3- conventional T cells to suppression by CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Chen X,Hamano R,Subleski JJ,Hurwitz AA,Howard OM,Oppenheim JJ

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to investigate the role of TNFR2 signalling in the function of conventional T cells.

Thu Jul 01 00:00:00 UTC 2010

GITR triggering induces expansion of both effector and regulatory CD4+ T cells in vivo.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

van Olffen RW,Koning N,van Gisbergen KP,Wensveen FM,Hoek RM,Boon L,Hamann J,van Lier RA,Nolte MA

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to study the role of glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor family-related protein on activated and regulatory T cells.

Mon Jun 15 00:00:00 UTC 2009

Functional characterization and gene expression analysis of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells generated in mice treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Marshall NB,Vorachek WR,Steppan LB,Mourich DV,Kerkvliet NI

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to further characterise TCDD-CD4(+) cells by comparison with CD4(+) T-regs and vehicle-treated cells.

Fri Aug 15 00:00:00 UTC 2008

Cutting edge: expression of TNFR2 defines a maximally suppressive subset of mouse CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T regulatory cells: applicability to tumor-infiltrating T regulatory cells.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Chen X,Subleski JJ,Kopf H,Howard OM,Männel DN,Oppenheim JJ

16-5874 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to characterise the phenotype and function of TNFR2(+) Tregs in peripheral lymphoid tissues, showing that expression defines a suppressive subset of Tregs that accumulate intratumourally.

Thu May 15 00:00:00 UTC 2008

Activation of tumor-specific CD8+ T Cells after intratumoral Ad5-TRAIL/CpG oligodeoxynucleotide combination therapy.

Cancer research

VanOosten RL,Griffith TS

16-5874 was used in in vivo experiments to show that local treatment with Ad5-mTRAIL and CpG ODN can augment tumor antigen cross-presentation.

Sat Dec 15 00:00:00 UTC 2007

Bioinformatics

Protein Aliases: CD357; Glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein; PRO364; Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 18; UNQ319

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Gene Aliases: AITR; Gitr; Tnfrsf18

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UniProt ID: (Mouse) O35714

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Entrez Gene ID: (Mouse) 21936

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Function(s)

protein binding

Process(es)

positive regulation of leukocyte migration apoptotic process positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat1 protein positive regulation of cell adhesion

Performance Guarantee

If an Invitrogen™ antibody doesn't perform as described on our website or datasheet,we'll replace the product at no cost to you, or provide you with a credit for a future purchase.*

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CD357 (AITR/GITR) Monoclonal Antibody (DTA-1), Functional Grade, eBioscience™

CD357 (AITR/GITR) Antibody (16-5874-38) in Flow

Product Details

16-5874-38

Immunohistochemistry (Frozen) (IHC (F))

Flow Cytometry (Flow)

Functional Assay (Functional)

Species Reactivity

Published species

Host/Isotype

Recommended Isotype Control

Class

Type

Clone

Conjugate

Form

Concentration

Purification

Storage buffer

Contains

Storage conditions

Shipping conditions

RRID

Product Specific Information

Target Information

Bioinformatics

Performance Guarantee

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