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DIO3 belongs to the iodothyronine deiodinase family. It catalyzes the inactivation of thyroid hormone by inner ring deiodination of the prohormone thyroxine (T4) and the bioactive hormone 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T3) to inactive metabolites, 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (RT3) and 3,3'-diiodothyronine (T2), respectively. This enzyme is highly expressed in the pregnant uterus, placenta, fetal and neonatal tissues, suggesting that it plays an essential role in the regulation of thyroid hormone inactivation during embryological development. This protein contains a selenocysteine (Sec) residue, which is essential for efficient enzyme activity. The selenocysteine is encoded by the UGA codon, which normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTR of Sec-containing genes have a common stem-loop structure, the sec insertion sequence (SECIS), which is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon rather than as a stop signal.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.
Protein Aliases: 5DIII; deiodinase, iodothyronine, type 3; DIOIII; iodothyronine deiodinase, placental type; Thyroxine 5-deiodinase; thyroxine deiodinase; thyroxine deiodinase type III (selenoprotein); Type 3 DI; type 3 iodothyronine selenodeiodinase; Type III iodothyronine deiodinase; type-III 5' deiodinase; type-III 5'-deiodinase
Gene Aliases: 5DIII; D3; DIO3; DIOIII; ITDI3; TXDI3
UniProt ID: (Human) P55073, (Rat) P49897
Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 1735, (Rat) 29475
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