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Myogenin Monoclonal Antibody (ZM149)

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Datasheet
Protocols
Questions & Answers
Datasheet
Protocols
Questions & Answers

Product Details

Z2462MS

Applications
Tested Dilution
Publications

Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) (IHC (P))

1:100-1:200
-
Product Specifications

Species Reactivity

Human

Host/Isotype

Mouse / IgG1, kappa

Class

Monoclonal

Type

Antibody

Clone

ZM149

Immunogen

Human myogenin recombinant protein

Conjugate

Unconjugated Unconjugated Unconjugated

Form

Liquid

Concentration

200 µg/mL

Purification

Protein A

Storage buffer

tris with BSA, NP-40

Contains

<0.1% sodium azide

Storage conditions

4°C

Shipping conditions

Ambient (domestic); Wet ice (international)

Product Specific Information

A recommended positive control tissue for this product is Rhabdomyosarcoma, however positive controls are not limited to this tissue type.

The primary antibody is intended for laboratory professional use in the detection of the corresponding protein in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue stained in manual qualitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing. This antibody is intended to be used after the primary diagnosis of tumor has been made by conventional histopathology using non-immunological histochemical stains.

Myogenin is a member of the MyoD family of myogenic basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors that also includes MyoD, Myf-5, and MRF4 (also known as herculinor Myf-6). MyoD family members are expressed exclusively in skeletal muscle and play a key role in activating myogenesis by binding to enhancer sequences of muscle-specific genes. The regulatory domain of MyoD is approximately 70 amino acids in length and includes both a basic DNA binding motif and a bHLH dimerization motif. MyoD family members share about 80% amino acid homology in their bHLH motifs. Anti-myogenin labels the nuclei of myoblasts in developing muscle tissue and is expressed in tumor cell nuclei of rhabdomyosarcoma and some leiomyosarcomas. Positive nuclear staining may occur in Wilms’ tumor.

Antibody is used with formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections. Pretreatment of deparaffinized tissue with heat-induced epitope retrieval or enzymatic retrieval is recommended. In general, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining techniques allow for the visualization of antigens via the sequential application of a specific antibody to the antigen (primary antibody), a secondary antibody to the primary antibody (link antibody), an enzyme complex and a chromogenic substrate with interposed washing steps. The enzymatic activation of the chromogen results in a visible reaction product at the antigen site. Results are interpreted using a light microscope and aid in the differential diagnosis of pathophysiological processes, which may or may not be associated with a particular antigen.

A positive tissue control must be run with every staining procedure performed. This tissue may contain both positive and negative staining cells or tissue components and serve as both the positive and negative control tissue. External Positive control materials should be fresh autopsy/biopsy/surgical specimens fixed, processed and embedded as soon as possible in the same manner as the patient sample (s). Positive tissue controls are indicative of correctly prepared tissues and proper staining methods. The tissues used for the external positive control materials should be selected from the patient specimens with well-characterized low levels of the positive target activity that gives weak positive staining. The low level of positivity for external positive controls is designed to ensure detection of subtle changes in the primary antibody sensitivity from instability or problems with the staining methodology. A tissue with weak positive staining is more suitable for optimal quality control and for detecting minor levels of reagent degradation.

Internal or external negative control tissue may be used depending on the guidelines and policies that govern the organization to which the end user belongs to. The variety of cell types present in many tissue sections offers internal negative control sites, but this should be verified by the user. The components that do not stain should demonstrate the absence of specific staining, and provide an indication of non-specific background staining. If specific staining occurs in the negative tissue control sites, results with the patient specimens must be considered invalid.

Target Information

Myogenin is a muscle-specific transcription factor that can induce myogenesis in a variety of cell types in tissue culture. It is a member of a large family of proteins related by sequence homology, the helix-loop-helix proteins. It is essential for the development of functional skeletal muscle.

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.

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Bioinformatics

Protein Aliases: bHLHc3; Class C basic helix-loop-helix protein 3; Myf-4; Myogenic factor 4; Myogenic factor-4; Myogenin

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Gene Aliases: BHLHC3; myf-4; MYF4; MYOG

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UniProt ID: (Human) P15173

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Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 4656

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Function(s)
RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding core promoter binding transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific binding transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific binding protein binding chromatin DNA binding sequence-specific DNA binding protein heterodimerization activity E-box binding
Process(es)
ossification cell cycle skeletal muscle tissue development negative regulation of cell proliferation response to gravity positive regulation of myotube differentiation skeletal muscle atrophy positive regulation of muscle atrophy regulation of skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation response to muscle activity involved in regulation of muscle adaptation response to electrical stimulus involved in regulation of muscle adaptation striated muscle atrophy response to denervation involved in regulation of muscle adaptation skeletal muscle cell differentiation muscle cell fate commitment mRNA transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter skeletal muscle tissue regeneration myoblast differentiation positive regulation of myoblast differentiation negative regulation of glycolytic process positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter skeletal muscle fiber development positive regulation of skeletal muscle fiber development positive regulation of muscle cell differentiation positive regulation of cell cycle arrest cellular response to magnetism cellular response to lithium ion cellular response to retinoic acid cellular response to growth factor stimulus cellular response to estradiol stimulus regulation of myoblast fusion positive regulation of myoblast fusion positive regulation of oxidative phosphorylation
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