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TMP21 is a ubiquitously expressed protein that is involved in vesicular targeting and protein transport. More recent experiments have shown that it is also a component in the presenilin complex and modulates the -gamma-secretase but not the epsilon-secretase cleavage activity of the amyloid precursor protein. The presenilin complex is composed of the proteins APH1, nicastrin, and PEN2 in addition to presenilin-1. Together, these proteins cleave the amyloid precursor protein at what is known as the -gamma- and epsilon-sites and can lead to the accumulation of the Abeta cleavage product that is associated with Alzheimer's disease. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments using antibodies against these proteins also yielded TMP21 indicating that TMP21 may play a role in the regulation of this complex. Suppression of TMP21 expression by siRNA in transfected cells caused increased -gamma-secretase activity but not epsilon-secretase activity, and increased Abeta production, demonstrating that TMP21 can modulate -gamma-secretase activity.
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Protein Aliases: Cellular myosin heavy chain, type A; MGC104539; Myosin heavy chain 9; Myosin heavy chain, non-muscle IIa; Myosin-9; myosin9; NMHC-II A; NMMHC II-a; NMMHC IIA; NMMHC-A; non-muscle myosin heavy chain 9; Non-muscle myosin heavy chain A; Non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIa; non-muscle myosin heavy polypeptide 9; nonmuscle myosin heavy chain II-A
Gene Aliases: BDPLT6; DFNA17; EPSTS; FTNS; MHA; MYH9; NMHC-II-A; NMMHC-IIA; NMMHCA
UniProt ID: (Human) P35579
Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 4627
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