GenScript

alpha Tubulin Monoclonal Antibody (1F4E3), THE™

alpha Tubulin Antibody in Immunocytochemistry (ICC/IF)

FIGURE: 1 / 3

alpha Tubulin Antibody (A01410-100) in ICC/IF

Immunofluorescence analysis of 293 cells. Primary antibody: 1 µg/mL THE™ Anti-alpha tubulin Monoclonal Antibody (Mouse) (GenScript, A01410). Secondary antibody: Fluorescein Conjugated Affinity Purified Anti-Mouse IgG (H&L) (Goat) (Rockland, 1:1,000, 610-102-121).

alpha Tubulin Antibody in Western Blot (WB)

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Product Details

A01410-100

Applications

Tested Dilution

Publications

Western Blot (WB)

0.1-1.0 µg/mL

Immunocytochemistry (ICC/IF)

1 µg/mL

ELISA (ELISA)

0.05-0.2 µg/mL

Miscellaneous PubMed (MISC)

View 22 publications 22 publications

Product Specifications

Species Reactivity

Hamster, Human, Mouse, Non-human primate, Pig

Host/Isotype

Mouse / IgG2b, kappa

Class

Monoclonal

Type

Antibody

Clone

1F4E3

Immunogen

A synthetic peptide (ALEKDYEEVGVDSVE) coupled to KLH

View immunogen

Conjugate

Unconjugated Unconjugated Unconjugated

Form

Lyophilized

Purification

Protein A

Storage buffer

PBS, pH 7.4

Contains

0.02% sodium azide

Storage conditions

-20°C or -80°C if preferred

Shipping conditions

Ambient (domestic); Wet ice (international)

Product Specific Information

Reconstitute the lyophilized powder with deionized water (or equivalent) to an antibody concentration of 0.5 mg/ml.

Tubulin is one of several members of a small family of globular proteins. The most common members of the tubulin family are alpha-tubulin and beta-tubulin, the proteins that make up microtubules. Microtubules are obligate proteinaceous elements found in nearly all eukaryotic cells. The availability of monoclonal antibodies to alpha-tubulin uses as a common housekeeping protein and serves as a specific and useful tool in studying proper interpretation of western blots.

Target Information

Alpha Tubulin is a part of a heterodimer consisting of alpha and beta tubulin subunits. The alpha and beta tubulins, which are each about 55 kDa MW, are homologous but not identical. Alpha-beta tubulin heterodimer is the basic building block of microtubules, and this intracellular cylindrical filamentous structure is present in almost eukaryotic cells. Microtubules serve as structural supports and lines of transport within the cell, as well as serving a key role in mitosis. Microtubules of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton perform essential and diverse functions and are composed of a heterodimer of alpha and beta tubulins. The alpha and beta tubulins represent the major components of microtubules, while gamma tubulin plays a critical role in the nucleation of microtubule assembly. There are multiple alpha and beta tubulin genes, which are highly conserved among species. The gene that encodes alpha tubulin is highly similar to the mouse and rat Tuba1 gene. Northern blotting studies have shown that the gene expression is predominantly found in morphologically differentiated neurologic cells.

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.

Product References

Methyl-β-cyclodextrin inhibits EV-D68 virus entry by perturbing the accumulation of virus particles and ICAM-5 in lipid rafts.

Antiviral research

Jiang Y,Liu S,Shen S,Guo H,Huang H,Wei W

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is a member of the Picornavirus family and a causative agent of respiratory diseases in children. The incidence of EV-D68 infection has increased worldwide in recent years. Thus far, there are no approved antiviral agents or vaccines for EV-D68. Here, we show that methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD), a common drug that disrupts lipid rafts, specifically inhibits EV-D68 infection without producing significant cytotoxicity at virucidal concentrations. The addition of ex

Wed Apr 01 00:00:00 UTC 2020

Cdk8 is required for establishment of H3K27me3 and gene repression by Xist and mouse development.

Development (Cambridge, England)

Postlmayr A,Dumeau CE,Wutz A

Thu Jun 11 00:00:00 UTC 2020

Ablation of conceptus PTGS2 expression does not alter early conceptus development and establishment of pregnancy in the pig†.

Biology of reproduction

Pfeiffer CA,Meyer AE,Brooks KE,Chen PR,Milano-Foster J,Spate LD,Benne JA,Cecil RF,Samuel MS,Ciernia LA,Spinka CM,Smith MF,Wells KD,Spencer TE,Prather RS,Geisert RD

Pig conceptuses secrete estrogens (E2), interleukin 1 beta 2 (IL1B2), and prostaglandins (PG) during the period of rapid trophoblast elongation and establishment of pregnancy. Previous studies established that IL1B2 is essential for rapid conceptus elongation, whereas E2 is not essential for conceptus elongation or early maintenance of the corpora lutea. The objective of the present study was to determine if conceptus expression of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and release of PG

Fri Feb 14 00:00:00 UTC 2020

Aberrantly expressed HORMAD1 disrupts nuclear localization of MCM8-MCM9 complex and compromises DNA mismatch repair in cancer cells.

Cell death & disease

Liu K,Wang Y,Zhu Q,Li P,Chen J,Tang Z,Shen Y,Cheng X,Lu LY,Liu Y

Thu Jul 09 00:00:00 UTC 2020

Targeting VE-PTP phosphatase protects the kidney from diabetic injury.

The Journal of experimental medicine

Carota IA,Kenig-Kozlovsky Y,Onay T,Scott R,Thomson BR,Souma T,Bartlett CS,Li Y,Procissi D,Ramirez V,Yamaguchi S,Tarjus A,Tanna CE,Li C,Eremina V,Vestweber D,Oladipupo SS,Breyer MD,Quaggin SE

Diabetic nephropathy is a leading cause of end-stage kidney failure. Reduced angiopoietin-TIE2 receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in the vasculature leads to increased vascular permeability inflammation and endothelial cell loss and is associated with the development of diabetic complications. Here we identified a mechanism to explain how TIE2 signaling is attenuated in diabetic animals. Expression of vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase VE-PTP (also known as PTPRB) which dephosphor

Mon Apr 01 00:00:00 UTC 2019

MicroRNA‑132 mediates proliferation and migration of pulmonary smooth muscle cells via targeting PTEN.

Molecular medicine reports

Zeng ZH,Wu WH,Peng Q,Sun YH,Liu JX

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe and progressive disease characterized by the remodeling of small pulmonary arteries. The aberrant proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is the primary feature of PAH. MicroRNA (miR)‚132 has been demonstrated to inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and repress neointimal formation. Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a direct target of miR‚132 that has b

Wed May 01 00:00:00 UTC 2019

A second open reading frame in human enterovirus determines viral replication in intestinal epithelial cells.

Nature communications

Guo H,Li Y,Liu G,Jiang Y,Shen S,Bi R,Huang H,Cheng T,Wang C,Wei W

Human enteroviruses (HEVs) of the family Picornaviridae, which comprises non-enveloped RNA viruses, are ubiquitous worldwide. The majority of EV proteins are derived from viral polyproteins encoded by a single open reading frame (ORF). Here, we characterize a second ORF in HEVs that is crucial for viral intestinal infection. Disruption of ORF2p expression decreases the replication capacity of EV-A71 in human intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Ectopic expression of ORF2p proteins derived from di

Fri Sep 06 00:00:00 UTC 2019

Temporal Control of the TGF-β Signaling Network by Mouse ESC MicroRNA Targets of Different Affinities.

Cell reports

Kelly TJ,Brümmer A,Hooshdaran N,Tariveranmoshabad M,Zamudio JR

Although microRNAs (miRNAs) function in the control of embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency, a systems-level understanding is still being developed. Through the analysis of progressive Argonaute (Ago)-miRNA depletion and rescue, including stable Ago knockout mouse ESCs, we uncover transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) pathway activation as a direct and early response to ESC miRNA reduction. Mechanistically, we link the derepression of weaker miRNA targets, including TGF-β receptor

Tue Nov 26 00:00:00 UTC 2019

BAP1 complex promotes transcription by opposing PRC1-mediated H2A ubiquitylation.

Nature communications

Campagne A,Lee MK,Zielinski D,Michaud A,Le Corre S,Dingli F,Chen H,Shahidian LZ,Vassilev I,Servant N,Loew D,Pasmant E,Postel-Vinay S,Wassef M,Margueron R

In Drosophila a complex consisting of Calypso and ASX catalyzes H2A deubiquitination and has been reported to act as part of the Polycomb machinery in transcriptional silencing. The mammalian homologs of these proteins (BAP1 and ASXL1/2/3 respectively) are frequently mutated in various cancer types yet their precise functions remain unclear. Using an integrative approach based on isogenic cell lines generated with CRISPR/Cas9 we uncover an unanticipated role for BAP1 in gene activation. This fun

Mon Jan 21 00:00:00 UTC 2019

Warfarin and vitamin K epoxide reductase: a molecular accounting for observed inhibition.

Blood

Wu S,Chen X,Jin DY,Stafford DW,Pedersen LG,Tie JK

Vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR) an endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein is the key enzyme for vitamin K-dependent carboxylation a posttranslational modification that is essential for the biological functions of coagulation factors. VKOR is the target of the most widely prescribed oral anticoagulant warfarin. However the topological structure of VKOR and the mechanism of warfarin's inhibition of VKOR remain elusive. Additionally it is not clear why warfarin-resistant VKOR mutations identifie

Thu Aug 09 00:00:00 UTC 2018

Porcine parvovirus infection impairs progesterone production in luteal cells through mitogen-activated protein kinases, p53, and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.

Biology of reproduction

Zhang L,Wang Z,Zhang J,Luo X,Du Q,Chang L,Zhao X,Huang Y,Tong D

Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is a major virus that leads to fetal death in swine. However the effects of PPV infection on sows are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PPV on porcine steroidogenic luteal cells (SLCs) survival and functions and underlying mechanisms. In vivo experiment results showed that artificial infection of PPV significantly reduced the concentration of serum progesterone and induced histopathological lesions and SLCs apoptosis in porcine co

Sun Apr 01 00:00:00 UTC 2018

SETDB2 Links E2A-PBX1 to Cell-Cycle Dysregulation in Acute Leukemia through CDKN2C Repression.

Cell reports

Lin CH,Wong SH,Kurzer JH,Schneidawind C,Wei MC,Duque-Afonso J,Jeong J,Feng X,Cleary ML

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, necessitating further improvements in diagnosis and therapy. Targeted therapies directed against chromatin regulators are emerging as promising approaches in preclinical studies and early clinical trials. Here, we demonstrate an oncogenic role for the protein lysine methyltransferase SETDB2 in leukemia pathogenesis. It is overexpressed in pre-BCR+ ALL and required for their maintenance in vitro and in

Tue Apr 24 00:00:00 UTC 2018

Noncanonical function of DGCR8 controls mESC exit from pluripotency.

The Journal of cell biology

Cirera-Salinas D,Yu J,Bodak M,Ngondo RP,Herbert KM,Ciaudo C

Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) deficient for DGCR8 a key component of the microprocessor complex present strong differentiation defects. However the exact reasons impairing their commitment remain elusive. The analysis of newly generated mutant mESCs revealed that DGCR8 is essential for the exit from the pluripotency state. To dissociate canonical versus noncanonical functions of DGCR8 we complemented the mutant mESCs with a phosphomutant DGCR8 which restored microRNA levels but did not resc

Wed Feb 01 00:00:00 UTC 2017

UHRF2 regulates local 5-methylcytosine and suppresses spontaneous seizures.

Epigenetics

Liu Y,Zhang B,Meng X,Korn MJ,Parent JM,Lu LY,Yu X

The 5-methylcytosine (5mC) modification regulates multiple cellular processes and is faithfully maintained following DNA replication. In addition to DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) family proteins, ubiquitin-like PHD and ring finger domain-containing protein 1 (UHRF1) plays an important role in the maintenance of 5mC levels. Loss of UHRF1 abolishes 5mC in cells and leads to embryonic lethality in mice. Interestingly, UHRF1 has a paralog, UHRF2, that has similar sequence and domain architecture, but

Mon Jul 03 00:00:00 UTC 2017

Post-translational modifications of Annexin A2 are linked to its association with perinuclear nonpolysomal mRNP complexes.

FEBS open bio

Aukrust I,Rosenberg LA,Ankerud MM,Bertelsen V,Hollås H,Saraste J,Grindheim AK,Vedeler A

Various post-translational modifications (PTMs) regulate the localisation and function of the multifunctional protein Annexin A2 (AnxA2). In addition to its various tasks as a cytoskeletal- and membrane-associated protein AnxA2 can function as a -acting protein binding to -acting sequences of specific mRNAs. In the present study we have examined the role of Ser25 phosphorylation in subcellular localisation of AnxA2 and its interaction with mRNP complexes. Subcellular fractionation and confocal m

Wed Feb 01 00:00:00 UTC 2017

Transcription Factor EB Is Selectively Reduced in the Nuclear Fractions of Alzheimer's and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Brains.

Neuroscience journal

Wang H,Wang R,Xu S,Lakshmana MK

Multiple studies suggest that autophagy is strongly dysregulated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), as evidenced by accumulation of numerous autophagosomes, lysosomes with discontinuous membranes, and aggregated proteins in the patients' brains. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) was recently discovered to be a master regulator of lysosome biogenesis and autophagy. To examine whether aberrant autophagy in AD and ALS is due to alterations in TFEB expression, we syste

Tue Jul 19 00:00:00 UTC 2016

Zinc Finger Protein 618 Regulates the Function of UHRF2 (Ubiquitin-like with PHD and Ring Finger Domains 2) as a Specific 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine Reader.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Liu Y,Zhang B,Kuang H,Korakavi G,Lu LY,Yu X

5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is an epigenetic modification that is generated by ten-eleven translocation (TET) protein-mediated oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC). 5hmC is associated with transcription regulation and is decreased in many cancers including melanoma. Accumulating evidence has suggested that 5hmC is functionally distinct from 5mC. Ubiquitin-like with PHD and ring finger domains 2 (UHRF2) is the first known specific 5hmC reader that has higher affinity to 5hmC than 5mC, suggestin

Fri Jun 24 00:00:00 UTC 2016

Extracellular vesicles released from cells exposed to reactive oxygen species increase annexin A2 expression and survival of target cells exposed to the same conditions.

Communicative & integrative biology

Grindheim AK,Vedeler A

Annexin A2 (AnxA2) is present in multiple cellular compartments and interacts with numerous ligands including calcium, proteins, cholesterol, negatively charged phospholipids and RNA. These interactions are tightly regulated by its post-translational modifications. The levels of AnxA2 and its Tyr23 phosphorylated form (pTyr23AnxA2) are increased in many cancers and the protein is involved in malignant cell transformation, metastasis and angiogenesis. Our previous studies of rat pheochromocytoma

Tue Aug 30 00:00:00 UTC 2016

Epigenetic roles of MLL oncoproteins are dependent on NF-κB.

Cancer cell

Kuo HP,Wang Z,Lee DF,Iwasaki M,Duque-Afonso J,Wong SH,Lin CH,Figueroa ME,Su J,Lemischka IR,Cleary ML

MLL fusion proteins in leukemia induce aberrant transcriptional elongation and associated chromatin perturbations; however, the upstream signaling pathways and activators that recruit or retain MLL oncoproteins at initiated promoters are unknown. Through functional and comparative genomic studies, we identified an essential role for NF-κB signaling in MLL leukemia. Suppression of NF-κB led to robust antileukemia effects that phenocopied loss of functional MLL oncoprotein or associate

Mon Oct 14 00:00:00 UTC 2013

Complete and unidirectional conversion of human embryonic stem cells to trophoblast by BMP4.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Amita M,Adachi K,Alexenko AP,Sinha S,Schust DJ,Schulz LC,Roberts RM,Ezashi T

Human ES cells (hESC) exposed to bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP4) in the absence of FGF2 have become widely used for studying trophoblast development, but the soundness of this model has been challenged by others, who concluded that differentiation was primarily toward mesoderm rather than trophoblast. Here we confirm that hESC grown under the standard conditions on a medium conditioned by mouse embryonic fibroblasts in the presence of BMP4 and absence of FGF2 on a Matrigel substratum rapidly c

Tue Mar 26 00:00:00 UTC 2013

Inhibitory and combinatorial effect of diphyllin, a v-ATPase blocker, on influenza viruses.

Antiviral research

Chen HW,Cheng JX,Liu MT,King K,Peng JY,Zhang XQ,Wang CH,Shresta S,Schooley RT,Liu YT

An influenza pandemic poses a serious threat to humans and animals. Conventional treatments against influenza include two classes of pathogen-targeting antivirals: M2 ion channel blockers (such as amantadine) and neuraminidase inhibitors (such as oseltamivir). Examination of the mechanism of influenza viral infection has shown that endosomal acidification plays a major role in facilitating the fusion between viral and endosomal membranes. This pathway has led to investigations on vacuolar ATPase

Sun Sep 01 00:00:00 UTC 2013

Role of RanBP9 on amyloidogenic processing of APP and synaptic protein levels in the mouse brain.

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

Lakshmana MK,Hayes CD,Bennett SP,Bianchi E,Reddy KM,Koo EH,Kang DE

We previously reported that RanBP9 binds low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP), amyloid precursor protein (APP), and BACE1 and robustly increased Aβ generation in a variety of cell lines and primary neuronal cultures. To confirm the physiological/ pathological significance of this phenotype in vivo, we successfully generated transgenic mice overexpressing RanBP9 as well as RanBP9-null mice. Here we show that RanBP9 overexpression resulted in >2-fold increase in Aβ40

Tue May 01 00:00:00 UTC 2012

Bioinformatics

Protein Aliases: alpha tubulin; Alpha-tubulin 1; Alpha-tubulin 2; Alpha-tubulin 3; Alpha-tubulin 3C; alpha-tubulin 3C/D; Alpha-tubulin 3E; Alpha-tubulin 4; Alpha-tubulin 6; Alpha-tubulin I; Alpha-tubulin II; Alpha-tubulin III; Alpha-tubulin isotype M-alpha-1; Alpha-tubulin isotype M-alpha-2; Alpha-tubulin isotype M-alpha-4; Alpha-tubulin isotype M-alpha-6; Alpha-tubulin ubiquitous; class II beta-tubulin isotype; class IIb beta-tubulin; FLJ30169; H2 ALPHA; hum-a-tub1; hum-a-tub2; Talpha1 alpha-tubulin; Testis-specific alpha-tubulin; TUBA1/3/4; Tubulin alpha; tubulin alpha 3; Tubulin alpha chain-like 3; Tubulin alpha-1 chain; Tubulin alpha-1A chain; Tubulin alpha-1B chain; Tubulin alpha-1C chain; Tubulin alpha-2 chain; Tubulin alpha-3 chain; Tubulin alpha-3C chain; Tubulin alpha-3E chain; Tubulin alpha-4 chain; Tubulin alpha-4A chain; Tubulin alpha-6 chain; Tubulin alpha-ubiquitous chain; Tubulin B-alpha-1; Tubulin beta-2B chain; Tubulin H2-alpha; Tubulin K-alpha-1; tubulin, alpha 1; tubulin, alpha 1 (testis specific); tubulin, alpha 1a; tubulin, alpha 1b; tubulin, alpha 1c; tubulin, alpha 2; tubulin, alpha 3c; tubulin, alpha 3e; tubulin, alpha 4; tubulin, alpha 4a; tubulin, alpha 6; tubulin, alpha, brain-specific; tubulin, alpha, ubiquitous; tubulin, alpha-like 3; tubulin, beta 2B class IIb; tubulin, beta polypeptide paralog

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Gene Aliases: 2410129E14Rik; ALS22; B-ALPHA-1; bA408E5.3; bA506K6.1; bcm948; brdp; H2-ALPHA; I79_000022; I79_019110; K-ALPHA-1; LIS3; M[a]4; M[a]6; PMGYSA; Tuba-1; TUBA1; TUBA1A; TUBA1B; TUBA1C; TUBA2; TUBA3; TUBA3C; TUBA3E; Tuba4; TUBA4A; TUBA6; TUBAL3; TUBB2B