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Protein Extraction |
Overview of protein extraction
Protein extraction is a critical initial step in biochemistry and molecular biology that encompasses a wide range of techniques and reagents to isolate and purify specific proteins from biological samples. The choice of protein extraction technique and reagent depends largely on the sample type, localization of the protein, desired yield, need of preservation, and downstream application.
Thermo Fisher Scientific offers a range of protein extraction reagents for cell lysis, organelle isolation, membrane protein extraction, and protease and phosphatase inhibition, each designed to support your diverse experimental needs. By choosing the right protein extraction reagent, you can help ensure high-quality, reproducible results for your experiment and ultimately enable the integrity and yield of your desired protein for downstream applications such as western blot, ELISA, EMSA, reporter assays, mass spectrometry, and IP.
Learn more: Protein extraction
Protein extraction reagents
Selection of a suitable cell lysis buffer is based on the sample type and downstream application. Our cell lysis buffers are formulated to efficiently disrupt cells and release proteins, providing optimal conditions for the extraction of proteins from a variety of sample types.
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See all cell lysis buffers
Detergents are essential for the solubilization of proteins by disrupting cell membranes and aiding in the release of proteins from various cellular compartments. Our selection of detergents is optimized to achieve efficient protein solubilization while maintaining protein stability.
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Protease and phosphatase inhibitors play a crucial role in preventing protein degradation during extraction, helping ensure the preservation of protein integrity and activity throughout the extraction process.
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Specialized protein extraction reagents
Specialized reagents and protocols are available for the separation of cellular components and the isolation of organelles. These reagents enable researchers to enrich specific cell fractions and organelles for analysis and downstream applications.
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For the specific extraction of membrane-bound proteins, we offer specialized reagents designed to effectively solubilize and isolate these proteins, which are often challenging to extract using conventional methods.
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Benefits of highlights of protein extraction reagents
- Optimized—formulations designed to maximize protein yield and preserve protein activity
- Efficient—contains minimal cross-contamination between subcellular fractions
- Gentle—eliminates the need for mechanical cell disruption for most sample types
- Compatible—extracts can be used directly in most downstream applications
Simple overview of sample type and protein extraction reagent or kit
| Sample type | Goal | Recommended protein extraction reagent or kit | |
|---|---|---|---|
 | Primary or cultured mammalian cells or tissues | Total protein extraction | RIPA buffer IP Lysis buffer M-PER T-PER N-PER |
 | Cultured mammalian cells or tissues | Subcellular fractions and organelles | NE-PER Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Extraction Reagents Subcellular Protein Fractionation Kits Mitochondria Isolation Kits Lysosome enrichment kit Syn-PER Synaptic Protein Extraction Reagent |
| Membrane-bound proteins | G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCR) Extraction Reagent Mem-PER Membrane Protein Extraction Cell Surface Protein Isolation Kit | ||
 | Bacterial cells | Total protein extraction | B-PER Complete Bacterial Protein Extraction Reagent |
 | Yeast cells | Total protein extraction | Y-PER Yeast Protein Extraction Reagent |
 | Insect cells (baculovirus) | Total protein extraction | Y-PER Yeast Protein Extraction Reagent |
 | Plant tissues (leaf, stem, root, flower) | Total protein extraction | Plant Total Protein Extraction Kit |
Discover protein preparation tools
Protein sample preparation technical handbook
The Protein Preparation Handbook provides useful information on our broad selection of reagents and tools for protein extraction, clean-up, immunoprecipitation, and purification. Practical information, selection guides, and relevant data are included to help you improve your protein yield and downstream analysis.
Protein sample preparation eLearning course
This modular, animated, and narrated eLearning course was developed to provide a succinct, contextual summary of common laboratory methods and techniques required to achieve optimal results in protein assays and experiments. There are knowledge checks throughout the course to test what you have learned.
Related products and downstream applications
Resources and support
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For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.