CD73 Proteins

Protein Information

CD73, also known as Ecto-5-prime-nucleotidase or 5-prime-ribonucleotide phosphohydrolase, is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of purine 5-prime mononucleotides to nucleosides at neutral pH, with AMP as its preferred substrate. It is composed of a dimer of two identical 70 kDa subunits, externally bound to the plasma membrane via a glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol linkage. CD73 serves as a marker of lymphocyte differentiation and is expressed on a subset of lymphocytes, increasing during lymphocyte maturation. It is found on memory CD4 T cells, which resemble uncommitted primed precursor helper cells (Thpp) capable of differentiating into Th1 or Th2 cells, and is also present on regulatory T cells. CD73 deficiency is associated with various immunodeficiency diseases. Other forms of 5-prime nucleotidase exist in the cytoplasm and lysosomes, distinguishable from CD73 by their substrate affinities, requirement for divalent magnesium ions, activation by ATP, and inhibition by inorganic phosphate. The CD73 gene is localized to chromosome 6q14-q21, and defects in this gene can lead to conditions such as calcification of joints and arteries, and intestinal tuberculosis. Additionally, two transcript variants encoding different isoforms of CD73 have been identified.

Synonyms

2210401F01Rik; 5 nucleotidase, ecto; 5' nucleotidase, ecto; 5'-NT; 5'-nucleotidase; 5'-nucleotidase ecto; 5'-nucleotidase, ecto (CD73); AI447961; CALJA; CD73; E5NT; Ecto-5'-nucleotidase; eN; eNT; NT; Nt5; Nt5e; Nte; Purine 5-Prime-Nucleotidase